1914..........Christmas Truce
British–German truce
British and German troops meeting in
No man's land during the unofficial truce
The truce began on
Christmas Eve, 24 December 1914, when
German troops began decorating the area around their
trenches in the region of
Ypres,
Belgium, for
Christmas. They began by placing candles on trees, then continued the celebration by singing
Christmas carols, most notably
Stille Nacht (
Silent Night). The
Scottish troops in the trenches across from them responded by singing
English carols.
The two sides continued by shouting Christmas greetings to each other. Soon thereafter, there were calls for visits across the "
No Man's Land" where small gifts were exchanged —
whisky,
jam,
cigars,
chocolate, and the like. The soldiers exchanged gifts, sometimes addresses, and drank together. The
artillery in the region fell silent that night. The truce also allowed a breathing spell where recently-fallen soldiers could be brought back behind their lines by burial parties. Proper burials took place as soldiers from both sides mourned the dead together and paid their respects. At one funeral in No Man's Land, soldiers from both sides gathered and read a passage from the
23rd Psalm:
The Lord is my shepherd. I shall not want. He maketh me to lie down in green pastures. He leadeth me beside the still waters. He restoreth my soul. He leadeth me in the path of righteousness for his name's sake. Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil.
The truce spread to other areas of the lines, and there are many stories of
football matches between the opposing forces.
In many sectors, the truce lasted through Christmas night, but in some areas, it continued until
New Year's Day.
The truce occurred in spite of opposition at higher levels of the military. Earlier in the autumn, a call by
Pope Benedict XV for an official truce between the warring governments had been ignored.
British commanders Sir
John French and Sir
Horace Smith-Dorrien vowed that no such truce would be allowed again[
citation needed], although both had left command before Christmas 1915. In all of the following years of the war, artillery bombardments were ordered on Christmas Eve to ensure that there were no further lulls in the combat. Troops were also rotated through various sectors of the front to prevent them from becoming overly familiar with the enemy. Despite those measures, there were a few friendly encounters between enemy soldiers, but on a much smaller scale than in 1914.